Although the phenomenon whatsapp phone number list of the active presence of Chinese companies in Latin America is recent, we risk making a periodization. A first period, beginning in 2010, can be referred to as the "incipient" landing or the "post first White Paper" moment, in which FDI was directed mainly to the whatsapp phone number list hydrocarbon sector and, to a lesser extent, to mining, infrastructure and the financial sector. A second moment, which we call "expansion of China's presence in strategic sectors", can be dated from the First China-Celac Ministerial Meeting in January 2015. What whatsapp phone number list characterizes it is the generalized expansion within the energy sector (hydrocarbons , but also solar and wind energy, large.
A hydroelectric dams and even whatsapp phone number list nuclear announcements) and infrastructure -with a marked interest in bi-oceanic connectivity-. China's presence in various countries is now whatsapp phone number list sustained, as pointed out by a Sustainable Latin America report , in direct contracts with different governments or in the financing of investment projects through its whatsapp phone number list development banks, especially the China Development Bank (CDB).
It is highly relevant to highlight some whatsapp phone number list characteristics common to the two periods: the reduced or null technology transfer; China's adaptation to negotiating flexibly with each Latin American country; and the imposition of the contracting of firms from their country as strategic suppliers of the whatsapp phone number list projects, which end up placing machinery and key inputs on which China verifies an excess of productive capacity.Since then, the links between Latin America and China have sparked controversy between those who consider that it is advantageous for the region's whatsapp phone number list political projects for China to pierce US power in its "backyard" and those who express concern about the generation of links of old-style dependency.